SHIP SAFETY EQUIPMENT PART1
picture source: navsoftware.com
GENERAL / GENERAL
• Ignited from some of the accidents of ships, such as the sinking of the Titanic which claimed thousands of lives, then after several safety regulations issued by regional organizations IMCO (now IMO) on 17 JUNE 1960 issued international rules for the Safety of Life at Sea known as the SOLAS 1960, which continues to be refined and supplemented in 1974, 1978, 1981, 1981, 1988, 1991, 1997 and last in 2000.
• SOLAS is a requirement that must be met for the entire ship, who has obtained 250 tons GRT (Gross tonnage) and above, for ships under 250 tons GRT then it must follow the regulatory requirements of the Government of the flag ship.
• SOLAS write some rules that are divided into several Chapters, at this point was composed of 12 chapters and related safety equipment is in Chapter II - Construction - Fire protection, fire detection and extinction fir as well as Chapter III of the Life-saving appliances and arrangements .
• Equipment safety rules are grouped for the use of ship types and Ship Passenger Ship Goods.
• Seeing that the name and type of safety equipment as a whole has not been known by the name of the raw Indonesia, many nama2 are still using the name in English.
• Type of ship safety equipment is strongly influenced from the type of ship, gross tonnage, flag ship, the size of the vessel dimensions and the number of people who were on-board.
THESE ARE WHICH INCLUDES SAFETY EQUIPMENT:
1. Documents / documentation.
2. Navigation Equipment / Safety of Navigation.
3. Life-saving equipment / life saving appliances.
4. Fire pumps, hydrants, hoses and extinguishers.
5. Firefighting equipment to fit the space
/ Fire appliances in cargo spaces.
6. Other fire equipment / other fire appliances.
1. Document / Documentation
The document is very important for the safety of its existence ship, among other things required are:
- Fire control plan, is a drawing / sketch showing the location, position, type and amount of safety equipment and fire fighting vessel.
- Muster list and emergency procedures, a task list and crew for emergencies.
- Nautical publication, consisting of books or publications, including a map of the sea, which
explain in full sailing directions, lists of beacon, a list of pairs
downs and other necessary information.
- International code of signals containing a list of International cues. Including list of call sign from ship.
2. Navigation Equipment / Safety of Navigation
In accordance with the International SOLAS 1974 regulations and Colreg (Collison regulation 1972) all ships must be equipped with navigation equipment as follows:
- Navigation Lights
- Magnetic compass
- Other Navigation Equipment
- Equipment Radio / GMDSS
- Echo sounder
- GPS, fax and NAVTEX
- Radar and Inmarsat ship
- Engine Telegraph, internal telephone and loudspeaker system
Ship navigation lights installed in accordance with the regulations Colreg (collision regulation 1972) and the weather turned dark to determine the direction of the ship, types of ships and boats as follows:
- Light poles front / fore masthead light
- The main pillar of light (for ships over 50 m length)
/ Main masthead
- The light side of the left and right / PS and SB Light
- Lights stern / stern light
- The light trailer / towing light
- Anchor lights front / rear / anchor light
- Main engine light off / not under command light
Compass magnet / Magnetic compass.
Magnetic compass is the main compass as a tool for determining the direction of the ship, compass mounted on the bridge or on the deck above the compass platform.
Magnetic compass should always be corrected, because the possible influence of metal near magnet.
For the sake of reading at night, house lights fitted compass lighting.
To ship a certain size, installed additional Gyro compass as a compass.
Other Navigation Equipment / Other Safety Navigation.
Ship there are still other navigation equipment, among others:
- The light cues during the day / daylight signaling lamp.
The lamp is used for signaling Morse during the day, these lights are also called Aldist lamp. This lamp power using DC current.
- Bel / forecastle bell, used as a warning of a hazard or be used as a sign of change of waking time in the pavilion.
- Gong, has the same function with buzzer
- Flute ship / flute fog / ship whistle / fog horn used to cue the sound when the fog.
- Ball anchor and cone / Black ball and black diamond shape, used to signal that the ship at anchorage position (cone for fishing boats).
Radio Equipment / Radio Equipment
In accordance with SOLAS 1974 regulations all vessels must be equipped with radio equipment, namely radio telephony (for the vessel under 300 GRT), while for vessels 300 GRT or more shall be equipped with a radio system GMDSS (Global Marine distress Signal Systim) with equipment composed as follows:
- Radio telephony system complete with an antenna that can receive and transmit freq. 2182 kHz, and has a power source battery.
- VHF radiotelephone, a type of fixed radio equipment.
- Two-way VHF radiotelephone, a type mobile radio equipment weatherproof / waterproof.
GMDSS
In accordance with International regulations chapter IV of SOLAS 1974, all ships with GRT 300 keatad must be equipped with GMDSS equipment.
GMDSS radio installation is complete device is integrated
Distress is equipped with the system.
GMDSS ship radio completeness well adapted to the cruise ship area.
On equipped GMDSS system of duplicate, meaning that all devices amounted to 2 units, for example primary and VHF radio VHF radio duplicate.
GMDSS ship radio manufactured specifically and approved by appropriate SOLAS requirements.
Thanks For Reading!
source: my college books, colreg regulation
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